Cygwin Rosetta Stone
From BluWiki
Adapted from http://bhami.com/rosetta.html with Cygwin Added - Converted from HTML to MediaWiki by html2wiki
Contents |
Cygwin Rosetta
The custom drawing feature works on the Original Page only.
Work In Progress Need to fill in each row with info from
|
A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA STONE) OR What do they call that in this world? | ||||
|
Contributions and corrections gratefully accepted. Please help us fill in the blanks. New "tasks" are welcome, too! | ||||
| hardware, firmware, devices | disks | kernel, boot, swap | files, volumes | |
| networking | security, backup | software, patching, tracing, logging | references | |
general
| OS / TASK | Linux | Mac OS X | Solaris | Cygwin | OS / TASK |
| OS notes | (rh) = Red Hat, Mandrake, Suse,... (deb) = Debian, Libranet,... (mand) = Mandrake (SuSE) = SuSE | Darwin is the Open Source foundation for Mac OS X, descended from NeXTStep | Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9, 10 (SunOS 5.*) SVR4-based | Cygwin is from the Cygnus group, now owned by Red Hat | OS notes |
| administrative GUI | (rh, FC2+, RHEL4+) system-config* (rh) redhat-config* linuxconf (obsolete) (SuSE) yast2 (deb) dpkg-reconfigure (mand) drakconf | Aqua: System Preferences, NetInfo Manager |
solstice | mkdir /cygdrive/c/cygwinpkg;cd /cygdrive/c/cygwinpkg;wget http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe;chmod 777 setup.exe;cygstart $PWD/setup.exe --no-shortcuts | administrative GUI |
| managing users |
useradd | Aqua: System Preferences / Accounts niutil | useradd userdel usermod /usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+) groupadd | ? | managing users |
hardware
| Hardware | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| list hardware configuration | prtconf lscfg lsattr lsdev | ? | dg_sysreport -g hardware | dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot pciconf -l eeprom (SPARC only) |
ioscan | hinv |
dmesg (if you're lucky) | hostinfo ioreg -bls system_profiler | prtconf devstat machinetype more /etc/.osm | dmesg more /var/run/dmesg.boot cat /kern/msgbuf | dmesg cat /var/run/dmesg.boot |
autoconf -l |
hwconfig |
prtconf -v | dmesg (if you're lucky) |
dia -R full | dmesg (if you're lucky) |
machid | list hardware configuration |
| show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values | bootlist -o -m normal | n/a | dg_sysctl | grep BOOTPATH | ? | setboot stm | nvram printenv/setenv (at command monitor) | /dev/nvram (if you have it) hwclock nvsetenv | nvram | eeprom | openprom (on OpenFirmware architectures) | in bdm (at boot stop or ctrl-a) | ? | eeprom | eeprom | (4.0D+) consvar | ? | ? | show/set EEPROM/NVRAM values | |
| add device without reboot | cfgmgr -v | ? | N/A | camcontrol atacontrol kldload |
ioscan -fnCdevtype; | scsiha -pr ioconfig -f /hw scsiadminswap -b bus -p | udev (2.6+) modprobe kerneld insmod hotplug cardctl | (automatic — autdodiskmounter) | devmgmt mktable | scsictl atactl | ? | reinitdev changedev | mkdev | devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW 11/99, use: drvconfig; devlinks; {disks, tapes, ports} | /dev/MKDEV |
(3.2.*) scu scan edt | /dev/MAKEDEV | ? | add device without reboot |
| tape device | /dev/rmt0 | /dev/rdsk/c8d?s0 | /dev/rmt/0 | /dev/rsa0 | /dev/rmt/0m | /dev/tape /dev/nrtape | /dev/st0 | ? | /dev/rmt/c* | /dev/st0 | /dev/st0 | /dev/ios0/rstape001 autoconf -1 | grep TAPE | /dev/rct0 | /dev/rmt/0 | /dev/rst0 | (5.x) /dev/ntape /dev/tape | /dev/nrmtXh where n=non-rewinding, X a number, h=density | tpmnt | tape device |
| stdin/ stdout/ stderr | ? | ? | ? | /dev/fd/[012] | ? | /dev/fd/[012] | /dev/fd/[012] | /dev/fd/[012] | ? | /dev/fd/[012] | ? | ? | ? | /dev/fd/[012] | ? | ? | ? | ? | stdin/ stdout/ stderr |
| X kvm config | ? | ? | ? | xf86config | itemap | /usr/bin/X11/xsetmon /usr/gfx/setmon |
system-config-display | ? | xf86config xf86cfg XFree86 -configure | X -configure | ? | hwconfig | kdmconfig (x86) fbconfig; m64config; (etc.) | ? | ? | ? | ? | X kvm config |
disks
| disks | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| read a disk label | lspv -l | ? | admpdisk -o list admvdisk -o list | disklabel -r | diskinfo pvdisplay | prtvtoc | fdisk -l | pdisk rawDev -dump Disk Utility | prtvtoc | disklabel -r disk mbrlabel fdisk | fdisk -r OR disklabel -rl | dkpart -l | fsname | prtvtoc | dkinfo | disklabel -r | chpt -q | ? | read a disk label |
| whole disk in partition | N/A | ? | ? | c | ? | 10 | /dev/hda (e.g. if /dev/hda1 is a partition) | (non-root partitions are mounted under /Volumes) | s0 | c or d sysctl kern.rawpartition | c | /dev/ios0/rsdisk???s7 (???=000-999) | /dev/1s# (#=0,1,...) | 2 | c | c | c | s7 | whole disk in partition |
| label a disk | mkvg | ? | admpdisk | fdisk disklabel -wr sysinstall | pvcreate |
dvhtool | cfdisk fdisk e2label | (labels unused) |
sysadm | disklabel -wr mbrlabel | disklabel -wr | dksetup | divvy | format prtvtoc (x86) fdisk | format | disklabel -rw | chpt -a | /etc/labelit | label a disk |
| partition a disk | mklv | dp Finder: Apple HD SC Setup | admpdisk | fdisk sysinstall | lvcreate sam | fx | parted (if you have it) fdisk pdisk (on a MAC) (deb) mac-fdisk (on a MAC) (mand) diskdrake | pdisk | fdisk | disklabel -i | fdisk -e OR disklabel -E | dkpart -e | divvy | format fmthard | format | disklabel -e | chpt -p | /etc/install/install | partition a disk |
kernel
| TASK \ OS | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| kernel | /unix | /unix | /dgux | /kernel /boot/kernel/kernel | /hpux (9) /stand/vmunix (10+) | /unix |
/boot/vmlinuz* | /mach_kernel | /unix /stand/unix | /netbsd | /bsd |
/unix/stand/unix | /unix | /kernel/genunix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/unix /platform/`uname -m`/ kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+) | /vmunix | /vmunix | /vmunix | /unicos | kernel |
| show/set kernel parameters | vmo ioo schedo | /etc/kconfig Finder | vi /var/Build/ system.hostname;; reboot |
/boot/kernel.conf | sam sysdef kmtune (11+) kctune (11.23+) getconf | systune | /proc/* /proc/sys/* sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf | /usr/sbin/sysctl | sysdef getconf /etc/conf/cf.d/ quicktune.cfg | sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf | sysctl /etc/sysctl.conf | idtune cat /etc/opt/cf.d/stune cat /etc/opt/cf.d/mtune sysdef -i |
/etc/conf/cf.d/configure -xsysdef |
sysdef |
adb/usr/kvm/sys/ | dxkerneltuner sysconfig | adb kdb | ? | show/set kernel parameters |
| limit physical memory | rmss | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | mem= (in lilo.conf) | nvram bootargs="maxmem=MB" | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | limit physical memory |
| loaded kernel modules | genkex | ? | ? | kldstat | kmadmin -s | ? | lsmod | kextstat | ? | ? | ? | ? | modadmin | modinfo | ? | ? | ? | ? | loaded kernel modules |
| load module | ? | ? | ? | kldload | kmadmin -L | ? | insmod | kextload | ? | ? | ? | ? | modadmin | modload | ? | ? | ? | ? | load module |
| unload module | ? | ? | ? | kldunload | kmadmin -U | ? | rmmod | kextunload | ? | ? | ? | ? | modadmin | modunload | ? | ? | ? | ? | unload module |
| make disk bootable | bosboot -a | ? | dg_sysctl | boot0cfg disklabel | mkboot | dvhtool |
(rh) mkbootdisk | bless | dklayout | fdisk -i installboot | ? | dksetup | ? | installboot /usr/platform/ `uname -i` /lib/fs/ufs/bootblk raw_device_file | /usr/kvm/mdec installboot [-hltv] protobootblk bootdevice | (4.x+) disklabel -rw -t [ufs|advfs] | ? | ? | make disk bootable |
| startup scripts | /etc/rc* | ? | /etc/rc* | /etc/rc* (4-) /etc/rc.d/* (5+) /usr/local/etc/rc.d/* |
/etc/rc* (9)/etc/rc.config.d (preferred) | /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ | /etc/rc* (but may vary) /etc/init.d/ | /System/Library/ StartupItems/*, /Library/StartupItems/, /etc/rc* |
/etc/rc* | /etc/rc /etc/rc.* /etc/rc.d/* | /etc/rc* | /etc/rc* | /etc/rc* | /etc/rc* /etc/init.d/ (10+) svcadm (10+) svcs | /etc/rc* | /sbin/init.d; links in /sbin/rc?.d | /etc/rc* | ? | startup scripts |
| shutdown (& power off if possible) | shutdown -Fh | /etc/shutdown -h Finder | ? | ? | shutdown -yh 0 | /etc/shutdown -y -g0 -i0 -p | shutdown -Ph now shutdown -y -g0 -i0 halt | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | shutdown -i0 | shutdown -y -g0 -i5 | ? | ? | ? | ? | shutdown (& power off if possible) |
|
run levels 1 | 2: multiuser 6: reboot | ? | ? | -1*: permanently insecure 0: insecure 1: secure 2: highly secure 3: network secure | 0: shut down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser 3*: share NFS 4*: start GUI 5: user-defined 6: user-defined | 0: power-down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2: multiuser (no NFS) 3*: multiuser 4: user-defined 5: firmware monitor | (set in /etc/inittab) 0: halt s,S,1: vendor-dependent 1: single-user 2-5*: multiuser 6: reboot | ? | (set in /etc/inittab) 0: shutdown s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2*: multi-user 3: share NFS 4: user-defined 5: firmware 6: reboot | -1: permanently insecure 0*: insecure 1*: secure 2: highly secure | -1: permanently insecure 0*: insecure 1*: secure 2: highly secure | 0: power-down s,S: single-user 1: sys admin 2*: multiuser 3+4*: user-defined 5: firmware update 6: reboot | ? |
0: firmware monitor | ? | 0: shut down 1: single user 2: multi-user, no NFS 3: multi-user 6: reboot | 0: shut down 1: single user 2: multi-user, no NFS 3: multi-user 6: reboot | ? |
run levels 1 |
| show runlevel 1 | who -r | who -r | sysctl kern.securelevel | who -r | who -r | /sbin/runlevel | (runlevels unused) | who -r | sysctl kern.securelevel | sysctl kern.securelevel | who -r | who -r | who -r | ? | who -r | ? | who -r | show runlevel 1 | |
| time zone info | /etc/environment ($TZ) | /etc/TIMEZONE | /etc/TIMEZONE | /etc/localtime /usr/share/zoneinfo | /usr/lib/tztab | /usr/lib/locale/TZ/ /etc/TIMEZONE | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | /usr/lib/locale/TZ | /etc/localtime /usr/share/zoneinfo/ | /usr/share/zoneinfo/ /etc/localtime | ? | ? | /usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/ | ? | /etc/zoneinfo | ? | ? | time zone info |
| check swap space | lsps -a | /etc/swap -l | admswap -o list -buv dg_sysreport -p freeswap systat -swap | swapinfo pstat -s | swapinfo | swap -s swap -l | swapon -s cat /proc/meminfo cat /proc/swaps free | ls -l /var/vm vm_stat | swap -s swap -l sar -r | swapctl -l | swapctl | swap -s swap -l | swap -l | swap -s swap -l | pstat -s | swapon -s | ? | /etc/swapper | check swap space |
| bind process to CPU | ? | taskset (sched-utils) | pbind |
runon | bind process to CPU |
files
| TASK \ OS | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| "normal" filesystem | jfs | ufs | dg/ux | ufs/ffs/ufs2 (5+) ext2 |
hfs | efs, xfs | ext2 ext3 ReiserFS | ufs hfs+ | vxfs | ffs (was ufs) | ffs (was ufs) | vxfs ufs (root) | htfs (OpenServer 5) vxfs | ufs | 4.2 |
(4) ufs | ufs | NC1FS C2FS | "normal" filesystem |
| volume-based filesystem | jfs | ? | admvdisk |
ccd |
jfs (vxfs) | xlv, xvm, xfs |
LVM, LVM2 | ? | vdisk VxVM | ccd, raidframe | ccd raid | vdisk | vdisk |
Solstice DiskSuite | ? | Advfs LSM | N/A | ? | volume-based filesystem |
| file system description | /etc/filesystems | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/checklist (9) /etc/fstab (10+) | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | NetInfo | /etc/vfstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | /etc/vfstab /etc/dktab |
/etc/mnttab | /etc/vfstab (local) | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab AdvFS: /etc/fdmns | /etc/fstab | /etc/fstab | file system description |
| volume manipulation |
smitty vg | ? | sysadm |
vinum | vg*; lv*; pv* extendfs fsadm |
xlv_mgr | e2fsadm lvcreate lvremove lvextend | Disk Utility / pdisk / diskutil | vxva | ccdconfig raidctl | ccdconfig raidctl | dkconfig dkmirror dkmap | ? |
meta* | ? | AdvFS: mkfdmn, mkfset, addvol, showfdmn LSM: volassist or volmake, volume, volplex and volsd, volprint | ? | /etc/install/install | volume manipulation |
| create filesystem | crfs | /etc/newfs /etc/mkfs | admfilesystem | newfs | mkfs newfs | mkfs | mke2fs mkreiserfs mkdosfs | newfs newfs_hfs newfs_mdos | mkfs | newfs makefs | newfs | mkfs newfs | divvy (OpenServer 5) mkfs | newfs mkfs | newfs mkfs | AdvFS: mkfdmn UFS: newfs MFS: mfs | newfs mkfs | bb mkfs labelit | create filesystem |
| file system debugging and recovery | dfsck fsck fsdb | fsck | fsck fsdb | fsck fsdb clri | fsck fsdb | fsck fsdb clri xfs_repair | fsck debugfs e2undel | fsck fsdb clri | ? | fsck fsdb clri | fsck fsdb clri | ? | fsck fsdb | fsck fsdb clri | ? | ? | ? | ? | file system debugging and recovery |
| create non-0-length empty file | lmktemp | ? | ? | truncate -s size[K|M|G] filename dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=size[b|k|m|g] \ count=desired | prealloc | mkfile | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired | mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024 count=desired | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1m count=desired | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired | mkfile dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1k | dd if=/dev/zero of=filenmae bs=1024 count=desired | mkfile | mkfile | dd if=/dev/zero of=filename bs=1024k count=desired | ? | ? | create non-0-length empty file |
| mount CDROM |
mount -v cdrfs -o ro | Finder | mount -t cdrom /dev/pdsk/disk/cdrom | mount /cdrom mount_cd9660 |
pfs_mountd |
(see man mediad)'(mounts automatically when CD inserted) | mount /mnt/cdrom (deb) mount /cdrom |
(automatic — automounter)diskutil mount /dev/disk1s0 | mount -F cdfs /dev/cdrom/cdromX /cdrom | mount -t cd9660 -o ro /dev/cd0a path | mount -t cd9660 -r /dev/cd0a path | mount -F hs ... sysadm | mount /dev/cd0 path | /etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom | mount -t hsfs -r /dev/sr0 /cdrom |
mount /dev/disk/cdromXa | ? | ? | mount CDROM |
| eject CDROM | (manually) | eject | diskutil eject /dev/disk1s0 /Volumes/theCDmountpoint | eject cdrom | eject CDROM | ||||||||||||||
| create/mount ISO image | ? | ? | ? | mdconfig; mount | nohup pfs_mountd&; nohup pfsd&; pfs_mount -t iso9660 -x unix pathToIso mountPoint | ? |
mkisofsmount -o loop pathToIso | hdiutil | ? | makefs -t cd9660 image_file directory; vnconfig -c vnd0 image_file; mount -t cd9660 /dev/vnd0a |
mkhybrid -o image.iso dirvnconfig vnd0 image.iso && mount -t cd9660 /dev/vnd0c mountPoint | ? | ? |
mkisofs2;DEVICE=`lofiadm -a /absolute_pathname/image.iso` ; mount -F hsfs -o ro | ? | ? | ? | ? | create/mount ISO image |
| ACL management | aclget aclput acledit ls -e | ? | ? | getfacl setfacl {get,set}{f,p}mac | lsacl chacl getacl setacl |
chacl(see man acl) | getfacl setfacl | fsaclctl | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | getfacl setfacl | ? | ? | ? | ? | ACL management |
| Fibre Channel / SAN | fcstat lscfg -vl fcs0 | ? | ? | ? | fcmsutil fcdlist tdutil tdlist tddiag | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | cfgadm luxadm stmsboot mpathadm | ? | ? | ? | ? | Fibre Channel / SAN |
networking
| TASK \ OS | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| NFS share definitions | /etc/exports /etc/xtab | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | NetInfo: /exports Netinfo: /config/SharePoints | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab /etc/dfs/sharetab | /etc/exports | /etc/dfs/dfstab dfshares | /etc/exports | /etc/exports | ? | /etc/exports | NFS share definitions |
| NFS share command | exportfs -a | /usr/etc/exportfs -a | exportfs -a | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | exportfs -a | exportfs -a | /etc/init.d/nfs-server reload (rh) exportfs -a | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | share shareall | kill -s HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` /etc/rc.d/mountd reload | kill -HUP `cat /var/run/mountd.pid` | share shareall | exportfs -a /etc/nfs start | share shareall | exportfs -a | /sbin/init.d/nfs start; /sbin/init.d/nfsmount start | ? | exportfs -a | NFS share command |
| NFS information | nfsstat nfso -as | /usr/etc/nfsstat | nfsstat | nfsstat | nfsstat | mount | grep nfs | cat /proc/mounts | ? | ? | nfsstat | nfsstat | ? | showmount nfsstat |
showmount | ? | ? | ? | ? | NFS information |
| name resolution order | /etc/netsvc.conf | ? | /etc/netsvc.conf | /etc/host.conf (4-) /etc/nsswitch.conf (5+) | /etc/nsswitch.conf | 6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf 5.3: /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf | NetInfo | tcpconfig /etc/netconfig | /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/resolv.conf (obsolete) | /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/netconfig | /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/nsswitch.conf getent | (hardcoded into libc) |
/etc/nsswitch.conf | ? | /etc/hosts.usenamed | name resolution order |
| show network interface info | ifconfig -a no -a netstat -i netstat -v lsattr -E -l entX | netstat -i /etc/ifconfig -a | netstat -i ifconfig | ifconfig -a | lanadmin landiag lanscan netstat -in ifconfig lanx | /usr/etc/ifconfig -a netstat -ia | ifconfig ethtool | ifconfig -a | ifconfig -a ildconfig netstat -in | ifconfig -a netstat -in | ifconfig -A | ifconfig -a inetstat -in etherstat cmxinfo |
ifconfig -a | ndd ifconfig -a netstat -in (8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep 'ifspeed|duplex' | ifconfig -a |
ifconfig -a | ifconfig | ifconfig -a netstat -in | show network interface info |
| change IP |
smitty chinetchdev -a netaddr= | ifconfig edit /etc/NETADDRS | sysadm | edit /etc/rc.conf (option ifconfig_interfacename) ifconfig | /sbin/set_parms initial ifconfig | edit: /etc/{hosts, sys_id, resolv.conf, TIMEZONE}, /etc/config/ {static-route.options, ifconfig-1.options}; reboot |
(rh) redhat-config-network | System Preferences: Network NetInfo | ifconfig tcpconfig |
edit /etc/ifconfig.interface'edit /etc/rc.conf (ifconfig*) | edit /etc/hostname.driver | sysadm ifconfig (temp.) vi /etc/default/inet |
ifconfignetconfig |
edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts, hostname.*, netmasks, nodename, | edit /etc/hosts /etc/hostname.* | (4.x) netsetup (5.x) sysman net_wizard or netconfig | ? |
netconfig | change IP |
| start DHCP client | dhcpcd | n/a | dhcpd | dhclient | ? | proclaim | dhcpcd | ? | ? | dhclient | ? | ? | ? | ifconfig interface dhcp | ? | dhcpconf interface start | ? | ? | start DHCP client |
| ping one packet | ping -c 1 hostname | /usr/etc/ping hostname packetsize 1 | ping -s -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname 10 1 (9) ping hostname -n 1 (10+) | /usr/etc/ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping -c 1 hostname | ping hostname packetsize 1 | ping hostname packetsize 1 | ping -c 1 | ? | ping hostname | ping one packet |
| sniff network | iptrace ipreport | ? | tcpdump | tcpdump |
nettl | snoop tcpdump | etherfind tcpdump ethereal etherape | tcpdump | tcpdump | tcpdump | tcpdump | tcpdump | ? | snoop | etherfind | tcpdump | ? | ? | sniff network |
| route definitions | netstat -r smitty route | netstat -r | sysadm | edit /etc/rc.conf (option defaultrouter) netstat -r route | /etc/rc.config.d/netconf netstat -r | /etc/config/ static-route.options | route (rh) /etc/sysconfig/network (rh) /etc/sysconfig/static-routes (deb) /etc/init.d/network (deb) /etc/network | netstat -r | tcpconfig /etc/inet/defaultrouter /etc/inet/gate* netstat -r |
netstat -r |
netstat -rroute show | netstat -r | netstat -r |
/etc/defaultrouter | /etc/defaultrouter (kernel tweak or adb to diable forwarding) | /etc/routes | ? | netstat -r | route definitions |
| telnetd, ftpd banner | /etc/security/login.cfg | /etc/issue | ? | /etc/ftpwelcome | /etc/inetd.conf (telnet) | /etc/issue | /etc/issue.net (telnet) (ftp varies; can use tcp wrappers) | /etc/ftpwelcome | /etc/issue ~ftp/etc/issue ~ftp/etc/msgs/welcome | /etc/motd /etc/ftpwelcome /etc/issue if enabled via if= in /etc/gettytab | /etc/issue.net /etc/ftpwelcome | /etc/issue | ? | /etc/default/telnetd /etc/default/ftpd | n/a | /etc/issue | ? | /etc/issue /etc/motd | telnetd, ftpd banner |
| set date/time (from net: ntp or other) | ntpdate | date | ? | ? | ntpdate | timeslave | ntpdate rdate netdate | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ntpdate rdate | ? | ntpdate | ? | ? | set date/time (from net: ntp or other) |
security
| TASK \ OS | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| auditing | audit auditpr auditselect lsaudrec | ? | ? | ? | audisp audevent audomon audsys | satd satconfig sat_reduce sat_interpret |
(2.6+) auditd | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | audit auditd auditreduce praudit | auditing | ||||
| encrypted passwords in | /etc/security/passwd | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow | /etc/master.passwd | /etc/passwd (not Trusted) /.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9) /tcb/files/auth/ (10+) /etc/shadow (11.22+) | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow (may vary) | NetInfo | /etc/shadow | /etc/master.passwd (/etc/spwd.db) | /etc/master.passwd (/etc/pwd.db) | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow | /etc/shadow | /etc/passwd | /tcb/files/auth (only with Enhanced Security) | /etc/shadow | /etc/udb | encrypted passwords in |
| allow/deny root logins | /etc/security/user | ? | /etc/default/login | /etc/login.access; /etc/ttys | /etc/securetty | /etc/default/login | /etc/securetty | /etc/ttys (doesn't affect ssh) | /etc/default/login | /etc/ttys | /etc/ttys | /etc/default/login | /dev/default/login | /etc/default/login | /dev/ttytab | /etc/securettys | /etc/securettys | udbrestrict -R | allow/deny root logins |
| firewall config | genfilt smitty ipsec4 wsm network | ? | ? | ipfw ipf pf | /etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf | /etc/ipf.conf | iptables ipchains ipfwadm (rh) redhat-config- securitylevel | Aqua / System Prefs / Sharing / Firewall ipfw | ? |
/etc/ipf.conf | pfctl /etc/pf.conf | ? | ? | (9+) /usr/aset/ | ? | ? | ? | ? | firewall config |
software
| TASK \ OS | AIX | A/UX | DG/UX | FreeBSD | HP-UX | IRIX | Linux | Mac OS X | NCR Unix | NetBSD | OpenBSD | Reliant | SCO OpenServer | Solaris | SunOS 4 | Tru64 | Ultrix | UNICOS | OS / TASK |
| show installed software | lslpp -L lssrc | ? | pkginfo | pkg_info ls /var/db/pkg | rmfn, what (HP-UX 9) swlist (HP-UX 10+) |
versions | (rh) rpm -a -i (rh) rpm -qa (rh) yum list installed (deb) dselect (deb) aptitude (deb) dpkg -l |
ls /Applications | displaypkg pkginfo | pkg_info | pkg_info | pkginfo -l sysadm |
swconfig (OpenServer 5) | pkginfo prodreg admintool /var/sadm/install/contents | ? | setld -i | ? | ? | show installed software |
| file is in which package | lslpp -w file rpm -qif file | pkg_add -W file | (deb) dpkg --search file (deb) apt-file update && apt-file search file (rh) rpm -qif file | pkgchk -l -p binaryToCheck | file is in which package | ||||||||||||||
| add software |
smitty install | n/a (no package system) | sysadm | /stand/sysinstall /usr/ports make pkg_add portinstall (from /usr/ports) | swinstall | inst swmgr | (rh) rpm -hiv (rh) yum install pkg (deb) dselect (deb) apt-get install pkg (deb) dpkg -i | installpkg drag-and-drop | pkgadd pkgplus | pkg_add /usr/pkgsrc && make | pkg_add /usr/ports && make | pkgadd sysadm |
custom | pkgadd | ? | setld -l | ? | ? | add software |
| precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware |
www-1.ibm.com/servers/ | see FAQ |
[http|//www.signal42.com/xfree86/4.2.0/binaries/DGUX-ix86/ http://www.signal42.com/ |
www.linux.org |
fink.sourceforge.netdarwinports.opendarwin | ? | ? | ? |
www.tru64unix.compaq.com/ | ? | ? | precompiled binaries of GPLware and freeware | |||||||
| C compiler |
/usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc | cc /usr/local/gnu/gcc | /usr/sde/default/usr/bin/cc gcc | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | /opt/softbench/bin/cc ($) /bin/cc (9) /usr/bin/cc (10+; not necessarily ANSI; kernel builder only) | /opt/MIPSpro/ bin/cc ($) /usr/bin/cc | gcc | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | /usr/bin/cc (Metaware) | /usr/bin/cc (gcc) | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /opt/SUNWspro/ bin/cc2 | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /usr/bin/cc | /opt/ctl/bin/cc | C compiler |
| show patch level and/or patches | instfix -ivq oslevel -s | ? | what /dgux | uname -a | swlist -l product | grep PHsomeString |
versions -b | grep patch (6.4-) | (rh) rpm -q (rh) cat /proc/version (deb) dpkg -s | sw_vers Apple:About This Mac ls /Library/Receipts uname -a lsbom cat /System/Library/ CoreServices/ SystemVersion.plist | pkginfo -l | cat /kern/version uname -a /etc/release | sysctl -n kern.version | uname -a pkginfo | grep EKS | swconfig -P | showrev -p prodreg (2.6+) patchadd -p cat /etc/release | showrev -p (if you're lucky) | dupatch -track -type kit dupatch -track -type patch setld -i | grep patchname sizer -vB | ? | ? | show patch level and/or patches |
| patch tool | installp smitty update_all | ? | dg_sysreport -p patches | (cvsup or cvs to update, then rebuild) | update (9) swinstall (10+) | inst swmgr | apt-get update apt-get upgrade (rh) up2date (rh) yum update (mand) urpmi | System Preferences / Software Update softwareupdate | pkgadd pkgplus | cvs patch | cvs/CTM | pkgadd sysadm | pkgadd; pkgrm | installpatch (2.5.1-) patchadd (2.6+) pkgadd; pkgrm /usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+) | n/a | setld -i dupatch | ? | ? | patch tool |
| configure/show runtime linking fortran-2000.com/ ArnaudRecipes/ sharedlib.html | dump -H ldd | ? | ? | ldd ldconfig kldstat | chatr ldd (11+) kmadmin | ldd rld _RLD_LIST | ldconfig ldd lsmod | otool -L | ldd ldconfig | ldd nm ldconfig | ldd ldconfig | ldd | ? | crle ldd pldd modinfo LD_PRELOAD | ldd | odump -Dl ldd | ? | ? | configure/show runtime linking fortran-2000.com/ ArnaudRecipes/ sharedlib.html |
| link library path | $LIBPATH | ? | $LIBPATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (64-bit) $SHLIB_PATH (32- or 64-bit) | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH $RLD*_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /etc/ld.so.conf |
$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH /etc/ld.so.conf | ? | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | ? | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH (7+ deprecated in favor of crle) | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | ? | $LDPATH | link library path |
| tracing utility | trace syscalls truss watch | ? | ?=dg_strace (>=4.20MU06) | ktrace truss | trace (freeware) tusc (11+, freeware) | par prfstat |
strace | ktrace; kdump fs_usage | truss | ktrace ktruss kdump | ktrace ptrace | truss scstat | truss |
truss | trace | trace truss | ? | cdbx jumptrace | tracing utility |
| define user defaults | /etc/security/ mkuser.default /etc/environment | /etc/profile /usr/lib/skel | admuser -o set | /etc/login.conf | /etc/default /etc/PATH /etc/MANPATH /etc/default/* |
/etc/default/login | /etc/profile /etc/security/ /etc/skel/ | /usr/bin/defaults | /etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ | /etc/profile /etc/skel/* login.conf |
/etc/profile | /etc/default/login /etc/profile $HOME/.profile | ? | /etc/default/login /etc/profile /etc/security/ | /etc/profile | /etc/skel /etc/profile | /etc/skel /etc/profile | udbgen nu scripts | define user defaults |
| csh global .login | ? | ? | ? | /etc/csh.login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/cshrc | /etc/csh.login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/.login | /etc/csh.login | /etc/csh.login | ? | ? | /etc/.login | ? | /etc/csh.login | ? | /etc/login | csh global .login |
| default syslog and messages | /var/adm/syslog /var/adm/messages | ? | /var/adm/messages | /var/log/messages | /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log /var/adm/sulog /var/spool/mqueue/syslog | /var/adm/SYSLOG /var/adm/sulog | /var/log/syslog /var/log/messages /usr/adm/messages /var/log/maillog | /var/log/system.log | /var/adm/streams /var/adm/usererr /etc/.osm | /var/log/messages | /var/log/messages | /var/adm/log/messages | /usr/adm/syslog /var/adm/log/osmlog | /var/adm/messages /var/log/syslog |
/var/adm/messages/var/log/syslog (sendmail) | (4.x+) /var/adm/messages /var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user) /var/adm/binary.errlog | /var/adm/messages /var/adm/syslog.dated (kern, auth, daemon, lpr, syslog, user) /var/adm/binary.errlog | /usr/adm/messages | default syslog and messages |
| system error reporting tool | errpt | errpt | admsyslog -o report | dmesg send-pr | dmesg sysdiag (9 and early10) stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+) EMS (from support CD) | sysmon amsyslog availmon eventmond imdmonitor syserrpanel |
dmesg(deb) reportbug | Console /var/log/crash.log, dmesg | odm errpt | dmesg cat /kern/msgbuf | dmesg | sysadm log3 WebSysAdmin | dmesg | prtdiag | dmesg | (4.x) uerf; dia (DECevent) (5.x) (System errors) EVM (evmget; evmshow) (Hardware errors) dia; ca (Compqaq analyze) | uerf | errpt | system error reporting tool |
| performance monitoring |
ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/ | ? | sar netstat uustat | fstat; nfsstat; systat; vmstat; netstat; uustat; top; iostat | top; sar; vmstat; iostat; nfsstat; netstat; uustat; Glance($) | pcp; dkstat; pmkstat; sar; osview; gr_osview; ecstats; linkstat; netstat; nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis; routervis; nstats; top | vmstat procinfo -D | vm_stat; nfsstat; fs_usage; sc_usage; top Activity Monitor (10.3+) Process Viewer (10.2-) | sar; pinfo -v; modstat; netstat; nfsstat; pppstat; smtpstat; snmpstat; uustat; top | iostat; netstat; systat; vmstat | iostat; pstat; systat; vmstat | vmstat; mpstat; dkstat; sar; netstat; scstat | sar |
sar; iostat; kstat; | iostat; netstat; vmstat | iostat; nfsstat; vmstat /usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar monitor | iostat; nfsstat; vmstat /usr/opt/sv4b/bin/sar |
sar; xsar; tsar; xsam; | performance monitoring |
| match process to file or port | procfiles (5.2+, files only) | ? | fuser | lsof sockstat | lsof fuser | fuser | lsof netstat -atup | lsof | fuser | fstat | fstat | fuser | ? | fuser lsof2 pfiles | ? | ? | ? | ? | match process to file or port |
| X pop-up | /usr/dt/bin/dterror.ds | ? | ? | ? | /usr/dt/bin/dterror.ds | /usr/bin/X11/xconfirm | /usr/X11R6/bin/xmessage | osascript -e 'tell application "Finder" to display dialog "msg"' | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | /usr/dt/bin/dterror.ds | ? | ? | ? | ? | X pop-up |